Acute and Critical Care

Basic science and research
Specification of Subject Sex in Oncology-Related Animal Studies: Sukyo Lee, Won Jun Kim, Yeong Jeon, Choon Hak Lim, Kyung Sun; Acute Crit Care. 2018;33(3):178-184. Published online August 31, 2018; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/acc.2017.00444

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Background
Growing evidence for clinically significant differences between the sexes has attracted the attention of researchers. However, failures to report a test animal sex and balance the sex ratios of study samples remain widespread in preclinical investigations. We analyzed the sex-reporting rate and sex distributions of test animals in published oncology studies.
Methods
We selected five oncology journals included in the Scientific Citation Index (SCI) based on impact factors. We identified preclinical investigations with in vivo mouse experiments published in 2015 for inclusion in our study sample. We classified each article by whether or not it reported test subject sex, and by which sex was included. We also recorded whether there were justifications for using one particular sex in single-sex studies (e.g., anatomical reasons) and whether sex-based analyses were conducted for both-sex studies.
Results
We surveyed a total of 382 articles. Half (50.3%) failed to report test animal sex. Among articles that did report sex, 91.7% were single-sex studies, of which 69.4% did not provide any justifications for using the sex included in the study. Relatively few studies 15.7 studies included animals of both sexes, and only 2.3 studies conducted sex-based analyses. These findings are consistent with those of previous research that used other methods to collect data from the literature such as text mining, but our analysis of the provision of justifications for using one sex versus the other is a novel feature.
Conclusions
Many researchers overlook test subject sex as a factor, but test animal sex should be reported in all preclinical investigations to enhance the reproducibility of research and avoid faulty conclusions drawn from one-sided studies.

Citations

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Surgical Management for Pulmonary Artieriole Rupture During Subclavian Vein Catheterization: A Case Report: Jiae Min, Hyun Koo Kim, Ho Kyung Sung, Hyun Joo Lee, Young Ho Choi; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2012;27(1):59-61.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2012.27.1.59

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Abstract PDF: We experienced an extremely unusual case of a 37-year-old woman who suffered from hemothorax soon after subclavian vein catheterization. Many case reports of a hemothorax or hematoma after central vein catheterization through the great vessels, such as the subclavian vein and internal jugular vein, have been published. However, this rare case showed a pinpoint-sized active bleeding site from a pulmonary arteriole rupture. During an emergency operation using thoracoscopy-assisted minithoracotomy, this bleeding site was successfully managed by primary repair.

Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy Induced after Postoperative ICU Care: Case Reports: Kuk Hui Son, Jae Seung Jung, Kwang Taik Kim, Kyung Sun, Ho Sung Son, Jae Yoon Song, Yong Hyun Kim, Sung Ho Lee; Korean J Crit Care Med. 2009;24(3):152-155.; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4266/kjccm.2009.24.3.152

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Abstract PDF

'Takotsubo cardiomyopathy' or 'stress-induced cardiomyopathy' is a newly described clinical entity that's characterized by transient left ventricular apical ballooning and left ventricular apical dyskinesis in the absence of any angiographic feature of significant coronary artery disease. The cause of takotsubo cardiomyopathy is unclear, but catecholamines probably play a role in the genesis of takotsubo cardiomyopathy. We report here on two cases of takotsubo cardiomyopathy that occurred during ICU care.

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